Barley seeds, often referred to as barley grains, are the edible seeds of the barley plant (Hordeum vulgare). Barley seeds are rich in several B vitamins, including B1 (thiamine), B3 (niacin), B6 (pyridoxine), and folate, which support energy metabolism and overall health. They provide essential minerals such as manganese, selenium, magnesium, phosphorus, and iron. Barley seeds are high in dietary fiber, particularly beta-glucan, which supports digestive health and helps in managing cholesterol levels. Barley seeds offer a moderate amount of plant-based protein, though not as high as some other grains or legumes. They contain antioxidants like polyphenols and flavonoids, which help protect the body from oxidative stress.